Trade Unions in the Nordic Labor Market Models – Signs of Erosion? Introduction to the Special Issue

The Nordic countries are known for being small open economies with large public sectors due to universal welfare states and high living standards across occupations education levels. This combination has recently been characterized as a balanced growth model in which both exports internal demand (private public) contributes economic growth. In contrast export-led models – seen Germany have starved wages thus increase the cost competitiveness of export sector (Baccaro & Pontusson 2016), seem be able do (Alsos et al. 2019). 2013, Economist proclaimed world’s next ‘supermodel’ emphasis on market dynamics income security rather than job tenure useful blueprint labor policy configured rapid technological changes foreshadowed twenty-first century (Wooldridge 2013).In more recent years, OECD linked flexibility, performance, independent collective bargaining conducted by strong social partners (OECD 2018, all countries, industrial or employment relations systems based pattern involving trade unions multi-employer organizations minimum state intervention (Andersen 2015). system is underpinned local cooperation between employers employees (Rasmussen Høgedahl 2021).Hence, it evident that performance success rely representation through employer (Høgedahl 2020). However, although density levels stable, some degree membership decline since mid- 1990s. trend begs question: Do within showing signs erosion? If so why union dropping what implications models?